home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Megarom
/
Megarom Macintosh CD Software (Quantum Leap)(1992).iso
/
TEXT
/
Downloading text
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1991-10-24
|
6KB
|
107 lines
Data transfer can be done in a number of ways in on the BBS. New error
checking protocols are being added on a regular basis, and the following
is a summary of many of those available.
XMODEM FILE TRANSFER - The BBS supports two variations of the XMODEM
protocol,originally developed by Ward Christensen, called XMODEM and
XMODEM/CRC respectively. XMODEM offers the advantage of error checking
on a block by block basis to assure that the data sent contains no
errors. It does this by adding a checksum byte to the end of each 128
byte block of data; the receiver calculates its own checksum and
compares it to the one received. If an error is detected in the
transmission, XMODEM will request that WILDCAT! retransmit the block of
data. In addition to the above checksum comparison, XMODEM/CRC adds
another level of error detection using a complex CYCLICAL REDUNDANCY
CHECK algorithm.
XMODEM and XMODEM/CRC are slow transfer protocols when compared to many
others available. They should only be used when your software supports
no other protocol. XMODEM/CRC is preferrable to XMODEM due to its
greatly improved error checking.
1K-XMODEM - This protocol performs exactly like regular XMODEM/CRC, but
increases the block size to 1024 bytes, hence the name 1K. It is
slightly faster (on fairly clean phone lines) than regular XMODEM due to
a smaller number of blocks being sent, and therefore fewer block checks
being made.
YMODEM - YMODEM is a protocol devised by Chuck Forsberg of Omen
Technology which adds a number of enhancements to protocol based
transfer. Block sizes are variable at 128/1024, but 1K is the usual
size. Error checking makes use of CRC-16, accurate to 99.99%. By
definition, all YMODEM transfers are capable of sending multiple files
at one request, with the file size and date included in the "header
block" sent prior to each file. YMODEM supports multiple file transfer
(both down AND up) of up to 99 files with WILDCAT!.
CAUTION: A number of communication programs incorrectly use
the term YMODEM but actually send using 1K-XMODEM. This
practice is not proper and will result in a failure when
used with a true YMODEM transfer as used by WILDCAT!.
Use of YMODEM, if supported by a caller's software, is recommended over
XMODEM and 1K-XMODEM for speed, reliability, and features.
YMODEM/G - This variation of YMODEM is available only to callers making
a "reliable" connection using a modem supporting MNP (Microcom
Networking Protocol) or the U.S. Robotics ARQ hardware error checking.
If a MNP connection is detected, WILDCAT! will add this protocol choice
(as well as 1K-XMODEM/G - see below) to the available options.
MNP is a hardware based system in which the modems perform the actual
error checking and correction, if needed. The software such as WILDCAT!
and Qmodem simply send the information blindly from one system to the
other using the protocol for block sorting information only. For this
reason, these two protocol choices ONLY appear if a MNP connection is
detected at logon.
YMODEM/G is among the fastest protocols with the exception of the newer
versions of ZMODEM discussed below. If you have a modem that supports
MNP or ARQ, YMODEM/G should be your usual choice on the BBS. Connections
using two U.S. Robotics HST modems, with ports locked at 19200 or 38400
at both ends, results in throughput in excess of 1725 characters per
second (equivalent of over 14,000 bps)! YMODEM/G also supports multiple
file transfer (both down AND up) of up to 99 files at on time.
1K-XMODEM/G - This version of 1K-XMODEM makes use of MNP hardware error
correction to do away with the block-by-block checking in the normal
version. The result is a very fast single file transfer protocol for
use if YMODEM/G is not readily available.
ZMODEM - This is another protocol developed by Chuck Forsberg. It is a
"streaming protocol", one which sends variable sized blocks of data with
CRC-32 error checking for an accuracy of 99.9999%, but does not wait for
an acknowledgment from the receiving computer. The sending system
assumes data received is OK unless a repeat request is sent for a
specific block. This streaming activity tends to make ZMODEM one of the
fastest protocols available (but very slightly slower than Ymodem/G or
1K-Xmodem/G). ZMODEM also supports multiple file transfer capability,
and should be considered in situations where MNP is not available, or
another batch transfer protocol cannot be used. Zmodem also has the
unique capability to resume file transfers that have been aborted for
some reason and thus only partially completed. This is called crash
recovery.
KERMIT - This protocol's main claim is not speed, but rather its ability
to interact with many types of computers from mainframes to micros. It
can cope with systems limited to seven-bit characters even when the data
to be transmitted is in eight-bit form. All characters to be sent are
translated into standard printable characters and reconstructed on the
receiving end.
While not terribly efficient, it is sometimes an absolute necessity for
data transfer involving different types of systems and terminal types.
It is not recommended for PC to PC transfers.
ASCII DATA CAPTURE - ASCII transfer is simply the sending of information
as characters, and is limited to 7 bit information. The transfer of
files in ASCII mode can be done if your system is capable of any type of
data capture. ASCII transfer is limited, and some sort of error
checking protocol is required if you intend to transfer files with
extensions of EXE, OBJ, COM, ARC or ZIP, as well as tokenized BASIC
programs and files containing the IBM PC special ASCII characters (ones
with ASCII values above 128). These files cannot be transferred in
ASCII mode since ASCII transfer is only 7 bit and these types of files
require the full 8 bit transfer of the data, with no translation of the
contents of the file.